The Hindu is one of India's leading English-language newspapers, with its largest base of circulation in South India. Founded 125 years ago, by Subramanya Aiyer, it was later headed by a co-founder, Veeraraghavachariar. Kasthuri Iyengar, the then legal adviser of the newspaper, bought it in the early 1900's and from then on his family has retained the ownership of the paper. The two basic priciples on which the founders flagged the newspaper were - Fairness and Justice. It is said to enjoy a readership of 3 million and an annual turnover of around 4 billion rupees ($80 million). Headquartered at Chennai (formerly Madras), The Hindu was published weekly since 1878 and then daily since 1889. It has grown steadily to its current circulation of 1 million copies and a readership of over 3 million, both in India and abroad. It was also one of the first Indian newspapers to offer an online edition.

About The Hindu

Started as a nationalist newspaper mildly opposed to the then British rulers of India, The Hindu still enjoys a status of being tradition, not merely a newspaper, in South India. Till very recently, the habit of reading The Hinduwas transmitted down generations of south Indians, from parents to children, especially in Brahmin households. Most subscribers read it just to pick up Queen's English. Teachers recommended to their students a daily reading of The Hindu.In a post-colonial India where the printed word was much respected, more so if it was in English, The Hindu was to thecitizens of Madras what The Times was to pre-tabloid-era Londoners. Indeed, in popular Indian perception, The Hindu was one of the defining characteristics of the city of Madras, among other charcteristics such as the hot and humid weather, vegetarian cuisine, filtered coffee, Tamil cinema and South Indian art. The Hindu's journalism for a major part of its life was staid, non-controversial almost to the point of being

But all that has changed since the late 1980's with ownership of the newspaper passing into hands of the family's younger members. Today, The Hindu is seen by some as the unofficial mouthpiece of one of India's communist parties, the CPIM. However, it does display a willingness to take its political leanings lightly- see Its current editor is a founding member of CPIM's student-wing, the SFI. A staunch supporter of the Chinese regime, he is onrecord claiming that no damage was done to Tibet by China. Leaders of the CPIM regularly contribute the paper's op-ed section. It is unfortunate that a paper founded on the principles of fairness and justice, gives any room for a fair trail of any issue. Glorification of the Communist parties is the norm and any criticism targeted at them is virtually non-existent. And the rivals of the Left's political parties, most notably the right-of-center BJP, rountinely get unfavourable, opinionated and editorialized coverage. N Ram, Editor, was a part of the BJP watch group, along with Praful Bidwai and others, terming the rule at the centre in the late 1990's "fascist". To top it all, readers with a Hindu nationalist bent of mind accuse The Hindu ofbeing "anti-Hindu".

Consequent to the change in its politics, The Hindu has lost much of its earlier reputation of being a stickler for truth. Its cult status of being tradition is on the wane too. Ironically, though, for a newspaper committed to Marxist politics, The Hindu owes success to the monopoly status (in the Madras market) that its founders built, and is still thriving in the capitalistic and fiercely competitive Indian media market. The luxury goods advertised in its pages are out of the reach of a majority of the proletarians whose cause the paper ostensibly advocates.

There are however at least a few instances of the paper reflecting a radical tenor in its opinionating, even if this is pro-left opinion.

While the younger generation of The Hindu's editors have been responsible for the politicization of the paper and the decline in its journalistic standards, they have also contributed much to its commercial success. They built a modern infrastructure for news-gathering, printing and distribution. With a colorful, photo-heavy content, The Hindu sports a lively yet dignified look. But even this commercial dominance is increasingly coming under attack. Deccan Chronicle, a broadsheet with a tabloid spirit, was recently launched in The Hindu's stronghold of Madras, and is reputed to be causing some damage to the latter's circulation. The Times of India, India's (and the world's) largest circulated English langauge daily, is set to launch in Madras, and is projected to cause further damage to The Hindu.

The Hindu, like many other Indian publishing houses, is family-run. No member from outside the family is allowed to become its editor. It was headed by G Kasturi from 1965 to 1991, N Ravi from 1991 to 2003, and by his brother, N Ram, since June 27th 2003. Other family members, including Nirmala Lakshman, Malini Parthasarathy, Nalini Krishnan, N Murali, KBalaji, K Venugopal, Ramesh Rangarajan and publisher S Rangarajan are directors of The Hindu and its parent company, Kasturi and Sons.

The Hindu's Moments of Glory

In the late 80's, The Hindu played a pivotal role in supporting another newspaper in exposing the federal government'scorruption. The Indian Express, then owned by a north India family of merchant caste, was at that time regarded as India's most courageous and outspoken newspaper. Express was running a series of news articles containing documentary evidence of corruption in a major arms deal involving the ruling party's top brass, when the government cracked down on the paper and almost shut it down. The Hindu stepped in to take over the series where Express left off, and completed it, much to the government's embarrassment. Thoroughly discredited by Express' and The Hindu's coverage of the corrupt deal, the ruling party lost a subsequent election.

In 2003, the Jayalalitha Government of the state of Tamil Nadu, of which Madras (now Chennai) is the capital, filed cases aginst thepaper for "breach of privilege" of the state legislative body. Many say that the government's action was an assault on freedom of the press. However, The Hindu emerged unscathed from the ordeal, scoring both politcal and legal victories. It was surprising for the traditional readers of The Hindu, to find Ram, its Editor, join hands with political parties including the DMK, which have carried numerous assaults on The Hindu establishment in the past.

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Popular Columns include This day that year, and Religion.

Other publications

• The Hindu Business Line – Business Daily
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• The Sportstar – Weekly Sports magazine
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• Praxis – Quarterly Journal on Management
• Survey of Indian Industry – An annual review on Indian Industries
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• The Hindu Index – Monthly and Cumulated Annual
• Special Publications under the series THE HINDU SPEAKS ON Libraries: Information Technology, Management, Education, Religious Values, Music, ..
• From the pages of The Hindu -- The Last 200 Days of Mahatma Gandhi