The Taittiriya Upanishad is one of the older, "primary" Upanishads commented upon by Shankara. It is a Mukhya Upanishad, associated with the Taittiriya school of the Black Yajurveda. It figures as number 7 in the Muktika canon of 108 Upanishads.

It is divided into three sections called Vallis. the Siksa Valli, the Brahmananda Valli and the Bhrgu Valli. The Siksa Valli is the first of the six Vedangas ("limbs" or auxiliaries of the Vedas), concerned with phonetics and pronunciation. The other two sections deal with the knowledge of Atman.