The Sisodia (also known as Shishodya or Sisodya or Sisodhya) are a Rajput clan who ruled the kingdom of Mewar in Rajasthan.

They trace their descent from Bappa Rawal, of the Guhilot or Guhila clan, who established himself as ruler of Mewar in 734, ruling from the fortress-city of Chittaur (or Chittaurgarh). Chittaurgarh was captured after a long siege by the Ala ud din Khilji, Sultanate of Delhi, in 1303.

Hamir Singh (1326-1364) recaptured Chittaurgarh in 1326, and was the first ruler of the clan to use the title rana (king). He changed the family name to Sisodia, after the village where he was born. Rana Kumbha (1433-1468) expanded the kingdom and established a system of fortresses to secure its boundaries, and made Mewar the most powerful Rajput state of the period. Rana Sangha (1509-1527), sought to free northern India from the Sultanate, and convinced Babur, founder of the Mughal dynasty, to challenge Sultan Ibrahim Lodi. Babur defeated Ibrahim at the First Battle of Panipat, and Rana Sangha then led an assembled Rajput army to drive Babur away and to recapture Delhi

The struggle between Babur's successor Humayun and the Suri Dynasty allowed Mewar to regain its independence for several decades. Humayun's successor Akbar brought most of the Rajput states under his rule by force or by dynastic marriage, but the Sisodias refused, and Akbar sent an army headed by the Rajput General Man Singh of the Kachwaha clan. After the capture of Chittaur by the emperor Akbar in 1568, Rana Udai Singh II (1537-1572) shifted the capital to the more defensible site of Udaipur, which he had founded shortly before the fall of Chittaur. Rana Pratap Singh (1572-1596) led a guerrilla war against the occupying armies of the Mughals and their Rajput allies. After the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb attacked the neighboring kingdom of Marwar in 1679, the Sisodias formed a triple alliance with the Rathores of Marwar and the Kachwahas of Jaipur to liberate the Rajputs from the Mughals.