Hinduism: Details about 'Langkasuka'
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Langkasuka (-langkha Sanskrit for "resplendent land" -sukkha of "bliss") was an ancient Hindu Malay kingdom located in the Malay Peninsula. The kingdom along with Old Kedah are probably the earliest kingdom founded on the Malay Peninsula. According to tradition the founding of the kingdom happened in the 2nd century. Malay legends claim that Langkasuka was founded at Kedah, and later moved to Pattani. It is believed that Langkawi derived its name from Langkasuka. The historical record is sparse, but a Chinese Liang Dynasty record (c. 500 AD) refers to the kingdom of "Langgasu" as being founded in the 1st century AD. The name Langkasuka was also mentioned in Malay and Javanese chronicles, while the Chinese chronicles mention a state Lang-ya-hsiu or Lang-chia-shu, which is usually identified to mean the same polity. In 515 AD King Bhagadatta first established relations with China, with further embassies sent in 523, 531 and 568. In the 12th century Langkasuka was a tributary to the Srivijaya empire, and around the 15th century it was replaced by the Pattani kingdom. In 1963, Stewart Wavell led a Cambridge Expedition to locate Langkasuka and Tambralinga. The details of this expedition can be read in "The Naga King's Daughter", published by Antara Books. See also
Koninkrijk Lankasuka
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